Modern World Warfare has changed the way conflict occurs, influencing military strategy, and the challenges faced by countries around the world. In the era of globalization, war no longer only occurs on conventional battlefields, but also in the cyber, economic and information domains. Countries are now faced with various challenges that require innovative strategic approaches. One of the main challenges in Modern World War is global terrorism. Terrorist organizations, such as ISIS and Al-Qaeda, use advanced technology to recruit, plan attacks, and spread their ideology. These challenges encourage countries to develop more effective counter-terrorism strategies, including better intelligence and closer international collaboration. Apart from that, the proliferation of nuclear weapons is a crucial issue. Countries such as North Korea and Iran have nuclear weapons programs that fuel geopolitical tensions. Diplomacy and negotiation are the main tools in reducing this threat, but often reach a dead end. Effective strategies involve a combination of diplomacy, economic sanctions, and, in some cases, military deterrence. Cyber warfare is also a vital component in modern conflicts. Attacks on critical infrastructure, such as power grids and banking systems, show how vulnerable countries are to digital threats. Countries must improve cybersecurity and develop policies to protect sensitive data. Apart from that, building awareness of the importance of cyber security among the public is a strategic step that is no less important. The involvement of civil society in conflicts is also a new challenge. The war on perception and narrative has made disinformation a powerful tool of war. Social media, for example, is used to manipulate public opinion or incite riots. Overcoming these challenges requires clear, evidence-based communication strategies, as well as media education for the public. In a military context, the development of technologies such as drones, AI, and autonomous weapons is changing combat strategies. Countries need to adapt to these new technologies to remain competitive. Integrating modern weapons systems and strengthening cooperation between the state and the private sector for technological innovation are also imperative. Another aspect is the impact of climate change on global security. Increasingly scarce resources, such as clean water and agricultural land, can trigger conflicts between countries or within countries. Countries should include climate risk analysis in their security strategies to prevent potential conflicts resulting from environmental crises. Involvement in international alliances is also important in facing the challenges of modern warfare. Organizations such as NATO and ASEAN have a key role in creating stability and maintaining peace. However, countries must remain alert to shifting geopolitical tides and reevaluate their commitment to existing alliances. In facing all these challenges, it is important for countries to develop a multilateral approach. International cooperation based on shared goals enables more effective handling of global problems. In this way, Modern World War was not just about military power, but also about diplomacy, sustainable development, and cross-national collaboration.
